Poverty grew and grew more concentrated.  And manufacturing states suffered most, according to the Federal Reserve study.

To put numbers to it: at the start of the decade, about one out of every nine people were considered poor. By 2011, that was about one in seven.

The researchers say that alone is plenty of cause for concern.

But they say the second trend – the increasing concentration in urban neighborhoods -- may be an even bigger concern. That’s because the more concentrated the poverty, the more amplified the problems that come with it – including fewer jobs and more crime.

The Fed says the growing concentration of poverty hit most major metropolitan areas in Ohio, including Cleveland, Akron, Youngstown, Toledo, Columbus and Cincinnati.

The only Ohio city that seemed to be going against the trend is Dayton.